From the toolbar you can add to the canvas, select different drawing tools, and perform common actions to objects. Selection, shapes, lines, text, the pen to draw custom Bézier shapes, and artboard — they’re the main six tools.
More actions are available — control-clicking the toolbar allows you to customize as much as you need.
Over on the right, past the tools, you can toggle stencils and inspectors, lock or group objects, and move items backwards and forwards on the Canvas.